With summer just around the corner, it’s an excellent time to discuss travel.
I decided to create a series of articles about how anthropologists approach this topic, and what we can learn from them to make our own experiences more fulfilling and meaningful.
I named this text series "Beyond Tourism" because anthropology offers an alternative perspective that extends far beyond what we generally think of as tourism.
To start with, what is wrong with the conventional understanding of tourism and the travel industry?
Overtourism
When we think of travelling, we often picture visiting iconic monuments or resting at popular resorts. However, focusing on well-known sights can cause some problems because it typically leads to over-crowding and overtourism and overlooks the diversity and richness of lesser-known destinations and local traditions.
Overtourism refers to the negative effects of mass tourism, where certain places become incredibly popular and attract an overwhelming number of visitors. This excessive attention can result in physical and cultural degradation, loss of identity, environmental damage, and a decline in the quality of life for local residents.
That kind of approach to travel is quite superficial too, as people often visit famous sites just to put a tick and say they've been there, without really immersing themselves in the local culture or gaining new knowledge about the world. It encourages a consumer mindset, when places are turned into mere commodities, and cultural practices - into shows for tourists, which strips away their authenticity and meaning.
Overtourism is also claimed to put a strain on local resources, have a negative impact on the environment, and disrupt traditional ways of life.
Travelling Anthropologically
Anthropologists, on the other hand, aim for a more meaningful and responsible approach to travel. This means seeking out lesser-known destinations, engaging with local cultures in an ethical way, and trying to understand the underlying beliefs, values, and norms of a community. Here are some ideas for alternative travel experiences that align with an anthropological perspective:
Participatory observation: Instead of being a passive tourist, actively engage with the local community, try to observe people's daily routines, rituals, and interactions, and try to understand the cultural significance behind them.
Homestays and community integration: If you have the opportunity, stay with local families to immerse yourself into their daily lives. Engage in conversations with them, listen to their stories, and ask open-ended questions to gain insights into their worldviews.
Ethnographic museums and cultural centers: Visit ethnographic museums and cultural centers in the region to learn about the history, traditions, and artifacts of the local communities. Engage with staff or local guides who can provide valuable insights.
Food and cuisine exploration: Explore local food markets, street food stalls, and traditional eateries to understand the cultural significance of food in the community. Try traditional dishes, learn about cooking techniques, and understand the connections between food and cultural identity.
Traditional craftsmanship and arts: Seek out local artisans and craftsmen who preserve traditional skills and art forms. Learn about their techniques, materials, and the cultural significance of their creations.
Social issues and challenges: Take the time to learn about the social issues and challenges faced by the community. Understand the historical, economic, and political factors that shape their realities. Engage in conversations with locals to gain insights into their perspectives.
Reflection and documentation: Keep a journal or create a blog to reflect on your experiences and observations. While documenting your insights, think of what you have learnt from your visit and interactions with locals. What impact did it have on your worldview?
In a nutshell, anthropologists see travel as an exploration of the world in all its guises.
It isn't just about taking photos of famous landmarks or engaging in recreational activities.
It encourages you to become become actively involved in the diverse cultures around the world, rather than remain a passive spectator. Some of these tips might not work for everyone, as they require you to stay in one place for an extended period of time
and to be open to the unfamiliar. However, for those who do decide to embark on this anthropological journey, it can be a truly enriching and transformative experience.
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